Electrical power transmission by radiation



' Oct. 7 1924.

A. J. KLONECK ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION BY RADIATION Filed March 31. 1920 MTNESSES. x IN'VENTOR.

employ a current character Patented Oct. 7,1924. I 51 W; V

UNITED STATES PATENT err AUGUST J. KLONECK, or NEW YORK, N. Y;

- rad ELECTRICAL POWER TRANSMISSION BY RAnIATIoN. Application filed man 31, 19 20. Serial N3; 370,235.

T 0' all whom it" may 01mm.-

Be it known that I, AUGUST a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York city, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electrical Power Transmission by Radia tion', of which the following is a specifica tio'n.

This invention" relates tosys'teriis of trans; niitting" electrical energy through space without wires for the" purpos'es of driving machinery at distant points from one or more central ower stations.

It is well known that electrical energy is at present p'ropa'gatedflthrough space for signalingpurposes utilizing'frequencies of 10,000 to 1,500,000. the electrical energy is" assumed to travel 300,000,000 meters a second the above frequencies" would produce wave lengths of; 30,000 to 200 meters;

In contraryto such high frequencies and shortwave lengths I employ frequencies of practical working dynamo D. T designates a transformer haying its primary P cofnne ctedithrough a tuning condenser C to the terminals ofthe gen; erator AC. A. secondary Sof transformer T is connected by a n induct-a nce Land condenser C to an antenna A and ground The antenna .A is shown comprising at; the opposing end an underground antenna circuit with the alternatingcurrent generator AC is further a switch V and impedances I. it v In Figure 2, Ef des'ignates engine which drives the airman-ligamen gener ator AC. he? cir'cf'it's. and elements correspond with those of Figure" 1'. .Both' Sm; tions' consisting of F giire lland Figure 2 p erator AC and an exciting current J. lx'Lo'NnoK,

are adaptedto cooperate with onefahother. The cooperation of the d. 'namosiiiF l and 2' will automaticalywbeiregulated by each other in a manner whereby f on eld namo would turn too'slow, thesanieiwill e operated as a motor by the dynamolof the cycles a second" thatis other stationf but the engineidi'iying pow'er frequencies of 15 to 200 cycles a second, of thedynamos'willcause'proportional gen} such frequenciesare commonly employed at erations of current ofbothdynamos in syncentral stations as working current. chroni'sm. I p q k Deductingfrom-the above, I for instance In Figure 3 which showsa rece' ing'staQ of cycles a' tion, Al denotes an antenna connee'ted to o d"whi hwould'correspondwithafwave the primary P of a transformer T and length -of 5,000,000 metersi Since the infurther to ground at G. lnductance s ductance'capacity constant is condenser F may heincluedto time the circuits to the desired f equency; Astep down secondary S of transformer .Tis ninmeters, wherein inductanceL is expressed P F W IU 'Q: '1j0't S1M' and'M and a in 0.000,000,001 henriesand' capacity C. in l gh in'g clrclilt I The motors may pe; microfarads, the constant corresponding 'to' fl as sired, In the figure eachmotor 60 cycles would be 7"hnry4nicrofarads (7 s assumed o y jse fs rting.wu flyn henries-l microfarad) or any equivalent as rles wlth one'anot'he r to' fproduce" flagging. for instance 700 henries and 0 ,01 microphaseof alte'inatmg curent wit in said farads. Thus, it is"necess'ary 'thatflthe in- QIS l I, ductance and capacityfor 60 cycles be 7 Itfwdl be'obvious' thatseveral receiving henry-microfarads in the radiation circuits stations may be operated from one aerial to be able of transmitting electrical energ and that a transmitting station as igure at such utilizing frequencies. It is evident Q may be connected by an aerial wir X that in the transmitting and receiving cirwith receiving statlons as with Figure 3 cuits the same constant will be employed for Wh re the Increased efficiency permits the same frequency of transmitting and re such use, The wave character of such ceiving pp ratus transmitting station will be retained thereeferring more particularly to the drawby and other receivlng stations may simuling, Figure 1 denotes a transmitting station. taneously be operated therefrom by wireles Figure 2 shows another transmitting station transmission of power. cooperating therewith. Figure 3 shows a receiving station adapted to be operated.

In Figure 1 E denotes a water turbine Sometimes it is necessary to have a local power circuit operated from one transmit- Which operates an altern ting curren genting station with alternating currents of a er q e cy than the ur t to be radiated, or vice versa. In Fig. 2, for instance, is shown an alternator AG supposedly operating a local circuit at a frequency of 15 to cycles a second while by means of commutators O and H the frequency of the alternator is reduced from 60 to 15 cycles a second. commutator O has 8 bars 0 and 0' alternately connected with one of a half ring commutator h and 7t, The latter have brushes 7L2 while commutator O has brushes 0 The arrangement shown is assumed to be synchronously driven. with, an 8 pole. alternating current generator AG},

Having now fully described my invention that what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A system for transmitting electrical power at a frequency below 200 cycles a second, comprising alternating current generators of the desired phase and frequency, means for energizin said alternating current generators and mechanical driving means for the same, of transformers having their primaries suitably connected with said alternating current generators, a radio conductor system connected with the secondaries of said transformers comprising aground conductor, and suitable reactance elements connected in series with said secondaries adapted for modifying and tuning said secondary circuit, a receiving circuit comprising a radio conductor system connected with transformers and suitable reactance elements, the latter being adapted for tuning the receiving circuit in resonance with said transmitting circuit, and utilizing means including motors and lights connected with said transformers.

, 2. A system for transmitting electrical power at a frequency below 1.20 cycles a second comprising alternators of the desired phase and frequency, a source of power for driving said alternators, means for energizing the same, a radio conductor system and suitable reactance elements arranged be tween said alternator and said conductor system adapted for modifying a current flow from said alternators to said conductor system.

3. A system for transmitting electrical power and means for utilizing said power at local and remote points at different frequencies comprising alternators of a certain frequency and means for operating the same, a radio conductor system and a local circuit operated by said alternators, means for changing the frequency of current from said alternators to a lower frequency and below 120 cycles a second, and means for operating said local circuit and said radio conductor system at one or both of said two current frequencies, and suitable reactance elements arranged between said radio conductor system and one of said means for producing an alternating current of one frequency.

4. A system for transmitting and receiving light and motor power, comprising a plurality of independently operating, gencrating dynamos arranged at remote points from one another and adapted for cooperatively radiating electrical energy of one character and of a frequency below 200 cycles, and independent radiating circuits for said dynamos, and means for tuning each of said radiating circuits to a corresponding frequency.

5. A system for transmitting electrical light and motor power to a local circuit and by means of a radiating circuit, to remote power utilizing stations, comprising a dynamo set, adapted for generating alternating current of a certain frequency, a commutator adapted for reducing said generated current to a current of another and lower frequency and comprising two com mutator parts with a relative number of bars corresponding to the two different frequencies of said alternating currents, anc means for connecting said commutator parts with one another and with said dyna mo and circuits, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I hereunto sign my name to this specification in the pres ence of two witnesses, this 7th day of July, 1919.

AUGUST J. KLONECK,

Witnesses:

JULIUS BRUNNING, FRED MAURIKEY. 

